LORD OF THE VINEYARD

Among the many images and metaphors used throughout the Old Testament as a preview of the new dispensation, that of the vineyard is one of the most beautiful and illuminating. Israel was the Lord's vineyard, planted in a fertile place and established by the Lord. The picture of the vineyard is used to explain the history of the Chosen People. Even though they had been given every advantage by God, blessed with the Law, the Temple, the Priesthood and every sign of God's favour, they proved to be either unfruitful, or productive of only bad fruit. The vineyard was the Lord's garden, in which he took delight. His chosen people, cared for by him, failed to acknowledge his authority and ownership, and so lost possession of the vineyard. In Psalm 80, the writer refers to Israel as the Lord's vineyard. But the Lord had rejected Israel and torn down the vineyard walls. Because of their sin, the vine that God had brought out of Egypt has been ravaged.

You brought a vine out of Egypt; you drove out the nation and planted it. You cleared the ground for it, and it took root and filled the land...Why have you broken down its walls so that all who pass by pick its grapes?...Watch over this vine, the root your right hand has planted, the son you have raised up for yourself. Your vine is cut down, it is burned with fire; at your rebuke your people perish. [Ps. 80.8-9,12,14- 16]

But time was running out for Israel. Again and again, the Lord would send prophets and teachers to preach repentance and a return to the ways of the Lord, but in vain. In the use of the vineyard image, the Lord lays much of the responsibility for this refusal to repent on the leaders of the people. The elders, teachers of the law and the priests are specifically blamed for the unfruitful vineyard.

The Lord enters into judgment against the elders and leaders of his people: "It is you who have ruined my vineyard; the plunder from the poor is in your houses".[Is. 3.14]

Many shepherds will ruin my vineyard and trample down my field into a desolate wasteland. [Jer. 12.10]

The most heart-rending passage in this connection is to be found in Isaiah 5, where the Lord cries over the state of his vineyard. It is a very important passage of Scripture, because it refers directly ahead to Jesus and, through him, to our own place in the plan of God. It is one of the great links in the history of God's dealings with his people.

I will sing for the one I love a song about his vineyard. My loved one had a vineyard on a fertile hillside. [Is. 5.1]

Some questions spring to mind immediately. Who is singing the song? The loved one is the Lord, as becomes clear in verse 7. Is this the Holy Spirit singing? The title "My loved one" is too familiar for Isaiah to use, so it must be that here we have the Trinity expressing itself on the central concern of God's dealings with man. For the vineyard that was Israel was at the core of God's plan for his creation. It was the focus of all his love and, one might say, of all his ambitions for the human race.

God created the world to be a home for mankind. Everything in creation, therefore, centred on the existence of men and women who were designed to live in the knowledge of God, in full communion with him forever. Adam and Eve were given dominion over the planet and walked with God daily. But that fellowship was broken by sin, by mankind's refusal to recognize the Lord's authority over them, and God and his people were separated. In his love and mercy, however, God was not about to turn his back on his creation. He would redeem his people, restore what had been lost in the Fall. More than that, he would bring greater good out of this evil and lift his people to a higher place than Adam and Eve had ever known. He would adopt them as his sons, men and women alike, heirs of the Kingdom. What a wonderful plan of salvation.

As a first step in this new beginning, God called Abraham to be the father of his people. Out of Israel would come the Messiah, God himself come in the flesh to bring salvation and all that came with it. Israel, then, was to be God's vineyard. Placed on a fertile hill, the place of fruitfulness and life. But Israel lost the vision. Called to be the People of God, through whom the Messiah might come forth, they turned instead into a people of pride and legalism. The leaders of Israel saw themselves as being superior to the nations around them, not because God had made them his vineyard, but because they themselves were superior people. They despised the gentiles, and took pride in their position as children of Abraham, forgetting that "out of these stones God can raise up children for Abraham" [Matt. 3.9].

The Song of the Vineyard continues:

He dug it up and cleared it of stones and planted it with the choicest vines. He built a watchtower in it and cut out a winepress as well. Then he looked for a crop of good grapes, but it yielded only bad fruit." Now you dwellers in Jerusalem and men of Judah, judge between me and my vineyard. What more could have been done for my vineyard than I have done for it? When I looked for good grapes, why did it yield only bad?"

God had provided Israel with everything it needed to prosper and achieve that which the Lord intended for it. But it yielded only bad fruit. The original vines were the choicest, the Lord provided protection to Israel [the watchtower], and established it in the best location. The winepress was dug, ready for the crop of grapes to be transformed into good wine. But no wine would be produced in this vineyard, because the grapes were all bad. The vines had been infected. The Owner of the vineyard calls for judgment: what more could have been done for Israel? Israel was being warned that the coming of the Messiah would bring with it, not glory, but judgment for Israel.

"Now I will tell you what I am going to do to my vineyard: I will take away its hedge, and it will be destroyed; I will break down its wall, and it will be trampled. I will make it a wasteland, neither pruned nor cultivated, and briers and thorns will grow there. I will command the clouds not to rain on it." The vineyard of the LORD Almighty is the house of Israel, and the men of Judah are the garden of his delight. And he looked for justice, but saw bloodshed; for righteousness, but heard cries of distress. [Is. 5.5-7]

This passage in the prophesy shows us the sovereignty of God in action. Nothing would prevent the Lord from fulfilling his promises to Abraham and David regarding the Messiah that would be brought forth from their people. God is sovereign, and nothing will interfere with his plans. But the result will not be what the people of Israel expected. Knowing the end from the beginning, even the Fall itself was catered for before the creation of the world, when the Lamb of God was chosen to redeem the lost children of Adam. Now, even as he is warning Israel of the coming judgment on the vineyard, the Lord is looking ahead to what he is going to do to bring good out of evil:

In that day - Sing about a fruitful vineyard: I, the LORD, watch over it; I water it continually. I guard it day and night so that no- one may harm it. I am not angry. If only there were briers and thorns confronting me! I would march against them in battle; I would set them all on fire. Or else let them come to me for refuge; let them make peace with me, yes, let them make peace with me.' In days to come Jacob will take root, Israel will bud and blossom and fill all the world with fruit.[Is. 27.2-6]

This is God's heart: even as he grieves over the unfruitful vineyard of Israel, he is rejoicing over what he has planned. For the loss that will be suffered by the people of Israel will result in blessing flowing out from Calvary and filling "all the world with fruit". For there is to be a future for God's vineyard: a future that the elders and priests of Israel could never have imagined.

Now the Lord laid much of the blame for Israel's plight on the heads of the leaders: the elders and priests who had missed the heart of God, who had turned his Law into a millstone, and his mercy into strict legalism. So it is no surprise that, when the Messiah arrived and Jesus began to preach and heal and break the chains of his people, it was from these same leaders that opposition to him came.

They arrived again in Jerusalem, and while Jesus was walking in the temple courts, the chief priests, the teachers of the law and the elders came to him.

"By what authority are you doing these things?", they asked. "And who gave you authority to do this?" Jesus replied, "I will ask you one question. Answer me and I will tell you by what authority I am doing these things. John's baptism - was it from heaven, or from men? Tell me."

They discussed it among themselves and said, "If we say, 'From heaven', he will ask, 'Then why didn't you believe him?'. But if we say, 'From men...' (They feared the people, for everyone held that John really was a prophet.) So they answered Jesus, "We don't know".

Jesus said, "Neither will I tell you by what authority I do these things". [Mk. 11.27-33]

Here is the beginning of the fulfilment of Isaiah 5. The Messiah has come to his vineyard looking for good grapes, and what does he find? The elders, teachers of the law and the priests are the very ones who should be most ready to receive him. They have spent their lives studying the Scriptures and teaching God's ways to the people, just to be ready for this very moment. But not only do they not recognize him, they question his right even to preach. Although they see the healings and hear his teachings, it does not touch them; they want to know from where he gets his authority. There is no openness in them, no willingness to see what is before them. This closed mind is the bad fruit of Isaiah 5. They have become so convinced of their own righteousness, their own place in the vineyard, that they cannot imagine the Lord moving in any other way than the one they have expected. More than this, anyone outside their own ranks preaching the Kingdom arouses only deep suspicion and opposition in their hearts.

The difference between good and bad fruit can be seen in the opposing ways in which the disciples and the spiritual leaders react to the ministry of Jesus. Neither were expecting Messiah to come as Jesus did. But the disciples were ready to listen and hear what God might tell them through this man Jesus. The leaders were neither willing, nor able, to do so. It should be remembered that what these men were protecting was something good and holy. The Law, the Temple and the sacrifices were all given to Israel by the Lord himself. Indeed, God went into great detail regarding these things, so as to ensure that Israel would follow his plans strictly. As Isaiah said, the Lord planted the vineyard, chose the land, built the watchtower and the winepress, and surrounded it with a wall. So, what the elders and teachers of the Law were so jealously guarding was something the Lord had given to them.

What then was the problem? Isaiah says that the Lord found fruit all right, but it was bad fruit. What was so bad about it? The problem with Israel was that they had taken the Law and the Temple and made them ends in themselves. These things had become the centre of their attention, and they had lost all understanding of what lay at the heart of things. The Temple and the sacrifices were the means by which God could show mercy to his sinful people. It was in giving this forum for reconciliation that the Lord showed his mercy. But the priests and elders had made an entire system out of the Temple: the focus was on the sacrifices made by the priests, and not on the mercy of God. The elders and the priests were meant to mediate the mercy and teachings of God to his people, and represent them before the Throne of Mercy. Instead, they had become rulers over the people: demanding strict conformity with their views and leadership. They had added hundreds of regulations to the Law of Moses, piling on impossible burdens on the backs of the people, making them more and more dependent on the priests and elders and teachers of the Law. As time passed, these men had taken to themselves the authority to interpret God and his ways, holding over the people the power of spiritual life and death.

And he looked for justice, but saw bloodshed; for righteousness, but heard cries of distress.

By the time Messiah came, Israel had placed the Law and the Temple above everything else. When God wanted to give them something greater, something to which the Law and the Prophets had pointed, they refused to let go of the old in order to receive the new. Look at their response to Jesus. Initially, they recognised that his teaching and ministry had authority behind them, but it did not seem to occur to them to wonder if that authority might come from God. After all, they saw themselves as the only properly authorised agents of God, and Jesus certainly did not seek any recognition from them. Neither Jesus nor his followers could possibly be considered as proper mouthpieces for God. Jesus could have refused to enter into any discussion with these men who were so unwilling to see God move in any way other than ones of which they approved. But they, too, needed a doctor, though they were blind to their sickness, and the Messiah was prepared to minister to them.

Jesus agreed to answer their question if they would answer his about John's baptism. This is more than just a debating ploy. He was giving these men the opportunity to enter into an honest study of what God has been doing in Israel; a chance to think and discuss the possible source of John's ministry. It seems a fair bargain, but it was one they could not enter into. Their moral authority and their spiritual vision had been so eroded by strict legalism and traditions that they could not even consider the question openly in their own minds. Rather than seek the truth about John, they weighed up the pros and cons of the possible answers they could give. They were not seeking truth, they were weighing political considerations. It is these political factors that governed their stand on an issue, not the word of God, not the truth. They had become so divorced from God's heart, that they had no other moral compass.

Then, unable to find an acceptable political answer to his question, they lied to Jesus: "We don't know". The fact is, they had not even tried to find an answer to the question, they lied to cover up their uncertainty. In total contrast, Jesus refused to play games with the truth. Instead of replying to their words, he replied to their thoughts. "Neither will I tell you". He was saying to them directly that he saw behind their facade, and recognised the reasons behind their refusal to answer.

When these leaders faced Jesus that day, all Israel was in the balance. It was a meeting of two authorities. The leaders and priests had a very real authority, given to them by God himself. They were the spiritual guides of Israel, the men responsible for revealing the ways of God to the people, and reconciling the people to their God. But they had become so jealous of this authority, that they had failed in this fundamental role. They had become so convinced that their's was the highest authority in Israel, that they had forgotten that a higher authority even existed: that of God himself. And when God chose to move in a new way, they resisted him. They questioned Jesus' authority because they couldn't imagine that God would work outside their secure and familiar system.

This confrontation between the Messiah and the leaders of Israel resulted in a wonderful declaration of God's plan. Having shown them to be in truth the bad grapes of Isaiah, Jesus openly applied that prophesy to them:

He then began to speak to them in parables: "A man planted a vineyard. He put a wall around it, dug a pit for the winepress and built a watchtower.[Mk. 12.1]

Immediately we recognize the vineyard of Isaiah's prophesy. But there have been developments since Isaiah saw it.

Then he rented the vineyard to some farmers and went away on a journey. At harvest time he sent a servant to the tenants to collect from them some of the fruit of the vineyard. But they seized him, beat him and sent him away empty-handed. Then he sent another servant to them; they struck this man on the head and treated him shamefully. He sent still another, and that one they killed. He sent many others; some of them they beat, others they killed. [Mk. 12.1- 5]

This view of the vineyard is different. The owner has rented it out to some farmers. These people have taken the vineyard, prepared and equipped by the owner, and treated it as though it were their own. When the servant is sent to receive the owner's rightful share of the crop, the tenants refuse to grant it. At first, they simply mistreat the servant of the owner and send him away empty-handed. But as the servants continue to arrive demanding that the owner's rights be recognised, the tenants become increasingly abusive, and finally kill some of the servants. There is a process at work here among the tenants that is fascinating. They act as if the vineyard is their's, and reject the rights of the proper owner. Then, as their claim to the vineyard is questioned further, they become more assertive of that claim. If may well be that they had actually come to believe that the vineyard really was their's.

In the same way the Lord had sent Prophets to Israel over the centuries, warning them of the fruits of their backsliding, their falling away from the ways of their God. And even so had the leaders of the people abused these messengers, beating some and killing others. As the Scriptures say, the hearts of the people became hard and they would not listen to the words of the prophets. Why? Because they did not like hearing what God had to say to them. They did not want to hear that their rules and regulations were not in keeping with the heart of God. They did not want to hear that their pride in status and authority over the people was abhorrent to their God. It seems almost unbelievable that these people believed that by stopping their ears to the words of the prophets, or even by killing the messengers, they could somehow cancel out God's righteous demands. Although God had told them the truth, they believed that by killing the messenger, the message would no longer be true.

The final result of this wilful blindness and deafness was facing Jesus that day in Jerusalem: a priesthood that could no longer see or hear, even what was staring them right in the face.

Then comes the most moving part of the parable, as Jesus brings the prophesy up to date:

He had one left to send, a son, whom he loved. He sent him last of all, saying, "They will respect my son".

But the tenants said to one another, 'This is the heir. Come, let's kill him, and the inheritance will be ours''. So they took him and killed him, and threw him out of the vineyard. [Mk. 12.6-8]

One can only imagine with awe the scene as Jesus, the Messiah, the Son whom the Owner loved, told the elders and priests what they were about to do to him. He was pointing out to them, in advance, the end result of their refusal to acknowledge the rightful owner of the vineyard. The tenants had become so blind to reality, that they believed the killing of the son would somehow result in them inheriting the vineyard. Their grasp on the real nature of their relationship with the vineyard and its owner was so weak, that they could not see the inevitable end:

"What then will the owner of the vineyard do? He will come and kill those tenants and give the vineyard to others. Haven't you read this scripture: 'The stone the builders rejected has become the capstone; the Lord has done this and it is marvelous in our eyes'." Then they looked for a way to arrest him because they knew he had spoken the parable against them. But they were afraid of the crowd; so they left him and went away.[Mk. 12.9-12]

How blind can people be? The Word says that these men knew that Jesus was talking about them. There is little doubt that they recognised the allusions to Isaiah also. What a sad picture these leaders make! Faced with this revelation of the ways of God, they prefer to hold on to their position and traditions, rather than acknowledge the truth. They cannot even work up the moral courage to arrest a man who is condemning everything they stand for, because of their fear. It would take a traitor, an arrest in the dead of night, and lies told to a despised foreign magistrate before they could wreak their vengeance. These builders rejected the cornerstone of everything they claimed to uphold. Jesus was the fulfilment of everything that had come before, but they held on so tightly to what they thought God had already given them, that they could no longer accept what he brought to them as the Messiah. They could not see beyond their own selfish vision. The vineyard was their's, they believed, and not even the rightful owner was to be allowed to question their authority over it.

But, in reality, these leaders would find that killing the Son would only result in the utter destruction of their plans and schemes. The wall of the vineyard would be removed, and briers would grow instead of grapes, as Isaiah predicted. Within a generation of the day Jesus spoke this parable to the elders and priests, the Temple, the priesthood, the sacrifices, all the paraphernalia of the system they prized so highly, would be gone, never to be restored, destroyed by the Romans. In seeking to hold on to a tradition they believed God prized as much as they, they lost the opportunity of entering into the greater plan God had in store for them. They believed that, because God had given them the Temple and the Priesthood, it was always going to be there. They did not realize that the Lord might have something else in store for them. "To everything there is a season, and a time for every purpose under heaven".

The people of Israel would be driven from their homeland, not to return for two thousand years. No wonder Jesus wept over Jerusalem:

O Jerusalem, Jerusalem, you who kill the prophets and stone those sent to you, how often I have longed to gather your children together, as a hen gathers her chicks under her wings, but you were not willing! Look, your house is left to you desolate. I tell you, you will not see me again until you say, 'Blessed is he who comes in the name of the Lord'. [Lk. 13.34-35]

On the face of it, this is a sad ending to God's plan for a fruitful vineyard. In fact, in the ways of God, it is simply the beginning of a grander and more wonderful destiny for the children of Abraham. The second prophesy of Isaiah regarding the fruitful vineyard was about to come to pass.

In the parable of the vineyard told by Jesus, there is one major addition to the prophesy of Isaiah. Jesus says that, after the tenants are dealt with, the vineyard would be given to others. We are the inheritors of that promise, and we who are part of the kingdom of God can rejoice that we are planted in a fruitful vineyard. The gospel, spread throughout the world by the power of the Holy Spirit, brought to pass the second vision of Isaiah regarding the Lord's vineyard:

In that day - Sing about a fruitful vineyard: I, the LORD, watch over it; I water it continually. I guard it day and night so that no- one may harm it. [Is. 27.2-3]

The Lord himself watches over it, no need now for tenants. He waters it continually: the Holy Spirit is constantly present in the church, watering and tending the vineyard. No-one may harm it, for the gates of Hell shall not prevail. Furthermore:

I am not angry. If only there were briers and thorns confronting me! I would march against them in battle; I would set them all on fire. Or else let them come to me for refuge; let them make peace with me, yes, let them make peace with me.' [Is. 27.4-5]

There is peace between God and man in Christ Jesus. The price has been paid, fellowship has been restored. Instead of the full might of the Law that would condemn sinners and backsliders, there is grace and mercy by the blood of Jesus. Not only so, but the narrow superiority which tempted the Israelite leaders in the past has given way to an open and free access for all men and women. The children of Abraham are not confined to one ethnic group, but are found wherever the Spirit has given new birth:

In days to come Jacob will take root, Israel will bud and blossom and fill all the world with fruit. [Is. 27.6]

But the changes that have been brought about in the vineyard go deeper than this. Not only is the vineyard ruled by the Owner, not only is it open to all who would enter into the Lord's fruitful life, but the status of the workers has changed radically.

In the old vineyard, the land was worked by tenant farmers who sought to gain the inheritance by killing the son of the owner. Today, the vineyard is worked by the sons of the Owner; those who, through the death of the Son, have come into this inheritance by grace. There is no need now for grasping ambition: no need to appeal to the traditions of men when we have the constant presence of the Spirit of God to lead and guide. The vineyard is now run directly by the Father, watered and cultivated by the Holy Spirit, and worked in by the sons through the grace and mercy of the Son.

What an inheritance is our's!

At first sight, then, everything in the garden is rosy. But, as we are only too well aware, such is not the case. There is strife in the vineyard, ambition and self-seeking. Many are far more concerned with growing what they want, rather than what the Lord has planned. Many elders and teachers rely on their own ideas, depending on their own energy and initiative, rather than following the leading of the Spirit. The Scriptures speak a great deal about the Lord's vineyard in these days, and it would be profitable to look at the Word of God to see what we have missed along the way.

In the Old Testament, the vineyard was Israel, the people of God. The vineyard today is the church of Jesus Christ, the new Israel, both globally and locally. This is more clearly explained in the image of the Body of Christ. We are all part of the Body, each with our own part to play. Without the contribution of each part, the entire Body is lacking. Unlike the Old Testament, where there were priests and people, in the New Testament the people are the priests, each with a ministry to the Body.

We are the Body of Christ, the Lord's vineyard. He is the Lord of the vineyard, and the owner of everything in it. Christians may have a ministry of leadership in the Body, but it is not their Body, it is his. When Jesus redeemed us, he established a new way of running the vineyard. The tenants are gone, the owner is on hand to run the business in person. Many of the problems in the church today stem from the fact that many Christians are still living under the old management. They believe that they are in the vineyard as managers. We must not make the same mistakes as the leaders of Israel. It is not our vineyard, we are not in charge of it. The Holy Spirit has been given to us so that we can be guided by him, as he wills, in everything that concerns the church. The local fellowship has to be sensitive to the Spirit, ready to go where he leads.

The wind blows wherever it pleases. You hear its sound, but you cannot tell where it comes from or where it is going. So it is with everyone born of the Spirit. [Jn. 3.8]

Jesus was very definite about this. Using, once again, the image of the vine, he described in detail what the new arrangement in the vineyard means for us:

I am the true vine and my Father is the gardener. He cuts off every branch in me that bears no fruit, while every branch that does bear fruit he trims clean so that it will be even more fruitful. You are already clean because of the word I have spoken to you. Remain in me, and I will remain in you. No branch can bear fruit by itself: it must remain in the vine. Neither can you bear fruit unless you remain in me.

I am the vine and you are the branches. If a man remains in me and I in him, he will bear much fruit; apart from me you can do nothing. If anyone does not remain in me, he is like a branch that is thrown away and withers; such branches are picked up, thrown into the fire and burned. If you remain in me and my words remain in you, ask whatever you wish, and it will be given to you. This is to my Father's glory, that you bear much fruit, showing yourselves to be my disciples.

....You did not choose me, but I chose you to go and bear fruit - fruit that will last. Then the Father will give you whatever you ask in my name. [Jn. 15.1-8,16]

A careful reading of these words should leave one breathless. We have been grafted into the True Vine, made part of the very life of our God. Adopted as sons, we are to draw our life from him. It is his will that we be fruitful, abounding in love, joy, peace, patience, kindness, goodness, faithfulness, gentleness and self-control.[Gal. 5.22-23] Note that "apart from me you can do nothing". Surely that is as clear as it can be? Nothing, nothing at all, is possible apart from him. There can be no growth, no fellowship, no life apart from him. If we are not to be left behind by the wind of the Spirit, we must be continually abiding in Jesus.

It seems that we can be very like the leaders of Israel. God moved in power at one point in time, and fellowships are established. But then the rot sets in. Like Israel, we try to hold on so tightly to what God gave then, that we refuse to accept what he might want to give now. Habits and behaviour that were once new and fresh become entrenched and inflexible, leaving us unable to see them for what they are. Traditions of men gain the authority of scriptural principles, just as the hundreds of rules and regulations of the elders and teachers of the Law attained the authority of the Law of Moses in Israel. Rather than rely on the Holy Spirit to carry on the work which he began, we try to keep things going in our own strength and wisdom. We seem to think that, if we work hard, come up with the right words or the right program, that we can accomplish great things for the kingdom. Jesus says that this is untrue.

Now it is often said by organisers of God's people, that God will bless whatever we do for him, and will bring blessing from it. They also say that, because we are his people, he will use us in whatever we do. There is nothing in this passage from John that would support such ideas. God's will is that we bear fruit, not work hard to produce it. It is the fruit of the Spirit, not of our efforts. The fruit of the Spirit comes naturally in the life of the believer who abides in the Vine. If we do not abide in the vine, we will not produce that fruit. We may produce other things: we may fill up the pews, preach all day every day, and fill our lives with works for God, but in God's eyes we are unfruitful. Israel produced fruit, but it was bad.

Many will say to me on that day, 'Lord, Lord, did we not prophesy in your name, and in your name drive out demons, and perform many miracles?' Then I will tell them plainly, 'I never knew you. Away from me, you evildoers!' [Matt. 7.22-23]

What a statement this is. Whatever does not come from abiding in the vine, is evil. Jesus said that everything he spoke in teaching and parable was what he had learned in union with his Father. That is to be our standard also. We speak and do what we have learned in union with the Lord. Anything else is a waste of breath, no matter how eloquent. Look again at the passage from John:

He cuts off every branch in me that bears no fruit, while every branch that does bear fruit he trims clean so that it will be even more fruitful...If anyone does not remain in me, he is like a branch that is thrown away and withers; such branches are picked up, thrown into the fire and burned.[Jn. 15.2,6]

What does this mean? Is this a reference to unbelievers being lost for eternity? If so, then why are they called "every branch in me", ie., in Jesus? These branches are Christians who do not abide. I believe the Scriptures teach that the "gift and the call of God is irrevocable", that believers cannot lose their salvation. So what, then, is happening to these branches that are cut off and burned?

The only reason we do not bear fruit is because we do not continue to remain in Jesus. Remaining in Jesus means allowing him to have his way with us, not standing in that way through disobedience. The Letter to the Hebrews says that there is a Rest for God's people, where they rest from their own works. The writer strongly urges Christians not to fail to enter into that rest through disobedience, or lack of faith. Instead of trusting the Holy Spirit to know what is best for us individually and collectively in the church, we believe we have to impose some kind of structure that is constant and inflexible. The Lord might want to speak, but we won't listen unless it is at the right point of the meeting, or the right day of the week. We set the rules for running the vineyard, and ignore the authority of the Owner. By not remaining, we are cut off and we wither, spiritually, because we are cut off from the life we need. Remember how the leaders of Israel gradually became hardened due to their refusal to recognize the rights of the owner, so that eventually they could no longer see or hear God's word? That is spiritual withering at work, and that is what happens to us when we, too, refuse to recognize the Lord's claims on our life. Should that refusal continue, we can wither and become useless. Then, as Paul says, we are those who build the house of their lives with wood, hay and stubble.

For no-one can lay any foundation other than the one already laid, which is Jesus Christ. If any man builds on this foundation using gold, silver, costly stones, wood, hay or straw, his work will be shown for what it is, because the Day will bring it to light. It will be revealed with fire, and the fire will test the quality of each man's work. If what he has built survives, he will receive his reward. If it is burned up, he will suffer loss; he himself will be saved, but only as one escaping through the flames. [1 Cor. 3.11-15]

We may be building on the proper foundation; that is, we are truly saved by the grace of God, but what we then proceed to build of our lives is just so much garbage. On the Day of the Lord, we will pass on to our eternal home with him, but nothing we have done in this life will have counted in the Kingdom. What a tragic waste. We appear to have a choice, therefore, as to what we do with our lives. Do we remain in him, building with gold, silver and costly stones, which are the "good works which God prepared in advance for us to do"? [Eph. 2.10] This way, we will bear fruit, fruit that lasts, which is the Father's will for us. Or do we decide for ourselves what needs to be done, keeping to our traditions and "the way we do things here"?

How often have I longed to gather your children...but you were not willing! [Lk. 13.34]

This passage proves that we can resist the will of God in our lives, forcing him, as it were, to pass us by and seek others who will do his will. God deals with his people in love, allowing them freedom to choose to obey or go their own way. But there is a price to be paid, either way. To obey God, to remain in Jesus, to build with gold, silver and costly stones, means acknowledging that he is Lord of the Vineyard. As Paul put it so directly: "You are not your own, you have been bought at a price". [1 Cor. 6.19-20] We must recognize that we no longer have any rights, if we claim to be in Christ Jesus. He is Lord, he demands that we die to ourselves and learn to lay down our lives for the brethren. This means doing things his way, and not our's. It means being prepared and willing to follow the Spirit, who blows wherever he wills. We have to be willing to not know where he is coming from, or where he is blowing us to.

Jesus told yet another parable concerning the vineyard:

For the kingdom of heaven is like a landowner who went out early in the morning to hire men to work in his vineyard. He agreed to pay them a denarius for the day and sent them into his vineyard. [Matt. 20.1-2]

Here is a healthy reminder of reality. We have been raised to a place higher than we could ever deserve. We are sons of God, and co-heirs with Christ. We are called to work in his vineyard. But, and it is a vitally important fact, we are not the owners of the vineyard. We are still sons, we are not the Father.

The parable goes on to tell how the owner of the vineyard went out at various times during that day and hired extra workers. The last labourers were hired just an hour before quitting time. When it came time to pay the workers, those hired last and who had only worked an hour, were paid a denarius. Now those who had worked all day fully expected to receive more than what had been promised them. After all, if men working only an hour were paid a denarius, what might those who worked all day receive? But, to their indignation, they, too, received a denarius. They complained bitterly to the owner about this apparent injustice. His answer is illuminating:

"Friend, I am not being unfair to you. Didn't you agree to work for a denarius? Take your pay and go. I want to give the man who was hired last the same as I gave you. Don't I have the right to do what I want with my own money? Or are you envious because I am generous?" [Matt. 20.13-15]

This is a strong statement: he is the Lord of the Vineyard. It is for him to set the terms and conditions. Furthermore, there is only one wage rate in his employment: salvation. Everyone receives the same wage, regardless of when they enter the workforce. Too often, Christians believe that because they have been saved many years, they are somehow in authority over younger believers. Or they think themselves at a higher management level.

There is a simple fact in this parable: we are never anything more than sinners saved by grace. We are never at any time in our walk with God at a higher level than any other believer. Of course, we may have a deeper knowledge of God's ways, a greater experience of his grace. But there is a glorious truth in this: the farther on we go with him, the deeper we see into his ways, the more intimately we come to know our God, the more we realize that we know nothing, deserve nothing, have seen nothing, compared to the glory that remains to be revealed to us. A growing knowledge of the Lord leads only to a growing awareness of our complete dependence on him in everything. We are equal before God, men and women, old and young, famous preachers and anonymous convert. "I want to give the man who was hired last the same as I gave you". What a wonderful Saviour he is!

It is not for us to tell him what to do, how to do it, or when it should be done. It is for us to wait humbly on the Lord, sensitive to his Spirit and ready to do as we are told. Our reward is the same as that of every Christian: we have been saved by grace. We did not deserve it, and we certainly have no other claim against God. How the Lord of the Vineyard chooses to deal with our fellow workers is none of our concern. We know that everything he does, is done in love and for our best. That is all we need to know. What he chooses to do through a brother or sister is none of our concern. We must learn to trust his judgment and his wisdom, although it is a sign of how sinful we really are that we need to be reminded to trust the Lord who died to save us, who has given us such a great salvation through grace alone.

It also serves as a useful reminder to us to read passages like this one:

Then he told this parable: A man had a fig tree, planted in his vineyard, and he went to look for fruit on it, but did not find any. So he said to the man who took care of the vineyard, 'For three years now I've been coming to look for fruit on this fig tree and haven't found any. Cut it down! Why should it use up the soil?'

'Sir', the man replied, 'leave it alone for one more year, and I'll dig around it and fertilize it. If it bears fruit next year, fine! If not, then cut it down'. [Lk. 13.6-9]

The Lord will carry out his purposes, for he is the Sovereign Lord. But he is in no way obliged to use us in any way. In his grace, he allows us to play a part in establishing his kingdom. We are allowed to labour in his vineyard, but he is not obliged to use us. Should we persist in usurping his role, he will simply bypass us and carry on with other labourers.

Of course, we will still go to heaven, we will not lose our salvation, but what of our reward? Is our response to his saving love to merely survive the fires that burn off the wood, hay and straw with which we have been satisfied in our lives? The claims of the Lord on our lives are absolute. There is nothing in us that is worthy, we have nothing that we have not received. In his own life, Jesus emptied himself of all rights and made himself completely available to the Father. There was nothing he said or did in his ministry that was not received "in union with the Father". As he was sent, so we are sent, and we have to remain in him if we are to be used in his vineyard.

Seeing in the distance a fig tree in leaf, he went to find out if it had any fruit. When he reached it he found nothing but leaves, because it was not the season for figs. Then he said to the tree, 'May no- one ever eat fruit from you again'. And his disciples heard him say it. [Mk. 11.13-14]

Note that it was not the season for figs, and yet Jesus expected to find fruit. We are always to be in season. If the fruit depended on our efforts, then we might expect to have a say in how and when it should be produced. But our job is to bear fruit, fruit of the Spirit. If we remain in Jesus, we will always be in season.

What, in the end, does all this mean? Israel was called to be the vineyard of the Lord. Instead of being fruitful, Israel was sidetracked into legalism and tradition. They were more concerned with the purity of their own ways and the authority which they exercised, than with remaining available to whatever the Lord asked of them. The vineyard became more important to them than the Owner, and protecting their investment in the vineyard meant that they lost touch with the reality of their situation. They were prepared to resist God rather than have their traditions and beliefs changed.

The church today faces the same temptations. Throughout history, Christians have wanted to establish new traditions for their meetings, for their social behaviour and for their relations with non-Christians. When they have erected high walls of tradition to protect their interpretation of the gospel, they have prevented the wind of the Spirit from blowing freely through their halls. But God has not been thwarted, and time after time revival has broken out, blowing down the walls of tradition and habit, and allowing the Spirit to move as he wills. But time passes, and the entire process is repeated, as the revived establish their own traditions in turn. It should be a cause for solemn reflection that none of the churches spoken to in the Book of Revelation exists today. The world is covered with the decaying remains of church buildings that were once full of life and worship. God moves on, and if his people are not willing to move with him, they are left behind to guard the halls and temples where the Spirit used to move. As in Revelations, the Lampstand is taken away, and the Light goes out, although the place where it once shone is still full of people working hard and doing all they feel they should for the Lord. It just isn't what he wants them to do.

Revival happens when at least one individual remembers that they are not their own, but have been bought at a price. When we remember that it is not our church, our fellowship, our gospel, but his, then we do not need to defend it against all comers. For sooner or later, unless we learn this truth, we end up defending it against the Lord as well. Jesus is Lord. That means that we must be willing to do his will and only his will. We cannot seek his blessing on our efforts, even efforts on his behalf, for:

No branch can bear fruit by itself: it must remain in the vine. Neither can you bear fruit unless you remain in me. [Jn. 15.4]

If I want to bear fruit, if I want to make my life mean something in the kingdom of God, if I want to build with gold, silver and costly stones, then I must rethink my life.

The leaders of Israel met the authority of Jesus with resistance, seeing him clearly as a challenge to their position and traditions. But when the Pharisee named Saul, the great persecutor of the church, was faced with the authority of Jesus, he fell on his face and asked: "Lord, what do you want me to do?" From that day on, all his traditions and righteousness, all his training and human authority was just so much garbage compared with the knowledge of God. When the Lord rattles our habits and comfortable way of thinking, how do we react, like the priests or like Saul? You cannot put new wine in old wineskins: how old are your wineskins? God's blessings are new every morning: how old are your blessings?

Be very careful that you do not put God's blessings of the past in the way of his blessing today. Because he worked a certain way before, does not mean he is confined to working that way always. Remember, he spoke one way to John Wesley, and another way to Martin Luther, and still another way to John Calvin, John Hus, the Lollards and the Brethren of the Common Life. How does he want to speak to you and your brothers and sisters today? Are you even listening, or are you tuned only to the one wavelength? Israel grew deaf to all but one way of speaking, and so missed the Messiah when he came speaking in a new voice. He came, and he passed them by, leaving them to wait in vain for that familiar voice that would not come again. How many Christians are in the same plight today?

How do we know what to listen for? How can we be sure we will not miss the voice when it speaks to us in a new way? Remain in the Vine, and you will bear much fruit, fruit that will last. We are his, he is the one who has promised not to leave or forsake us if we will only let him be Lord of all. The Holy Spirit is given to us to guide and counsel and lead us into all truth. Trust him and do not limit him. Put no preconceived ideas in front of him as barriers, saying: "Only thus and thus can you work here, we do not acknowledge any other way". Everything we have is his. I cannot afford to believe that I can give part of my day, part of my money, part of me to the Lord. It is his church to run his way. He owns it all. He is the Lord of the Vineyard.

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